In July 2005, however, she was forced to withdraw her candidacy in the face of ongoing government persecution. In 2004 she presented herself as a candidate for the presidential elections in Egypt, with a platform of human rights, democracy and greater freedom for women. When, in 1988, her name appeared on a fundamentalist death list, she and her second husband, Sherif Hetata, fled to the USA, where she taught at Duke University and Washington State University. In 1982, she established the Arab Women's Solidarity Association, which was outlawed in 1991. She was released one month after his assassination. In 1981 Nawal El Saadawi publicly criticized the one-party rule of President Anwar Sadat, and was subsequently arrested and imprisoned. It was followed in 1976 by God Dies by the Nile and in 1977 by The Hidden Face of Eve: Women in the Arab World. Her most famous novel, Woman at Point Zero was published in Beirut in 1973. It was at this time that she began to write, in works of fiction and non-fiction, the books on the oppression of Arab women for which she has become famous. The magazine, Health, which she had founded and edited for more than three years, was closed down.įrom 1973 to 1978 Saadawi worked at the High Institute of Literature and Science. In 1972, however, she lost her job in the Egyptian government as a result of political pressure.
Her first novel Memoirs of a Woman Doctor was published in Cairo in 1958. During this time, she also studied at Columbia University in New York, where she received her Master of Public Health degree in 1966.
For two years, she practiced as a medical doctor, both at the university and in her native Tahla.įrom 1963 until 1972, Saadawi worked as Director General for Public Health Education for the Egyptian government. Unusually, she and her brothers and sisters were educated together, and she graduated from the University of Cairo Medical School in 1955, specializing in psychiatry. Nawal El Saadawi (Arabic: نوال السعداوي) was born in 1931, in a small village outside Cairo.
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